标题: 雅思小作文6大常见失分点 [打印本页] 作者: stonesile 时间: 2012-5-9 17:19 标题: 雅思小作文6大常见失分点 “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, …… it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair.”用英国作家狄更斯的名作《双城记》的开篇来描述当下中国“烤鸭”们正经历着的水深火热的情形，是再贴切不过的。梦想，仿佛触手可及，然而，雅思分数，究竟会成为考生们的福音又或是梦魇？
较为理想的描述方式是：在句子或段落中，首先用文字叙述主要的趋势，然后佐以数字支持；切忌单一的数据罗列。当然，在实际应用中句式应灵活变化，不必拘泥于此。
试比较下列两组句子。
句1：In 1990 5% students received higher education in China. This figure increased to 8% in 1992 and 10% in 1994.
句2：There was a gradual and stable increase in Chinese tertiary student numbers from 1990 to 1994, ranging from 5% to just over 10%.
句3：The period of 1990 to 1994 witnessed a slow and steady growth in the number of students enrolled in Chinese universities, from 5% to around 10%.
句1：From 1990 to 2004, the urban population of Shanghai increased from 6 million to 18 million, and the number of Beijing rocketed from 3.5 million to 28 million.
句2：China’s two most prestigious cities, Shanghai and Beijing, have undergone rapid growth surges in population. In 1990, the urban population of these cities hovered around the 5 million mark with Shanghai’s residents slightly surpassing that of Beijing’s. While in 2004, Beijing’s urban population achieved a staggering 28 million and the figure of Shanghai also soared to 18 million.
其实无论中英文写作，清晰的条理，自然顺畅的过渡都离不开一些关键的标志性词汇（numerals）和过渡词（transitions）。在雅思写作中，对于一天要阅卷无数的评分老师而言，这些词汇就等同于你为他们设下的路标，明确地引领他们走向你的目的地，传达你的思路。如果没有这些路标，他们很快就会迷失在你的辞藻中，不知所云。
以下段落是剑8当中的范文，仔细体会粗体下划线标出的关键词汇的作用。
Expenditure on resources such as books had increased to 20% by 1991 before decreasing to only 9% by the end of the period. In contrast, the cost of furniture and equipment saw an opposite trend. This cost decreased to only 5% of total expenditure in 1991 but rose dramatically in 2001 when it represented 23% of the school budget. Similarly, the cost of insurance saw a rising trend, growing from only 2% to 8% by 2001.
在句意呈现转折时，可以使用however，contrarily, nevertheless, whereas, in comparison with 等；意思递进时，可以使用in addition, moreover, furthermore, what’s more等。这类词汇还有很多，同学们可以每种选择几个自己用得顺手的积累起来，养成使用过渡词汇的习惯。
变换关键词的词性改写下列句子：
1. Natural gas exports from Russia fluctuated wildly over the period.
There were _____________________________________.
2. The purchases of train tickets dropped significantly after the Chinese New Year.
There was ____________________________________.
3. Britain emits 3% of the world’s carbon dioxides.
Britain produces _________________________.
4. According to the pie chart, the U.S. consumed 37% of the energy used worldwide.
According to the pie chart, the energy ____________ of the U.S. accounted for 37% of the total worldwide.
Answers:
There were wild fluctuations in natural gas exports from Russia over the period.
There was a significant drop in the purchase of train tickets after the Chinese New Year.
Britain produces 3% of the world’s carbon dioxides emissions.
According to the pie chart, the energy consumption of the U.S. accounted for 37% of the total worldwide.
例如：
As many as 78% of men were doing administrative work, whereas women who were working as sales and customer services staff rose to a record 75%. （who 引导的定语从句）
Through the line chart, we can easily draw the conclusion that before 2:00 pm, the number of radio audiences was larger than that of TV viewers. （that 引导的同位语从句）