标题: 你如何使用代词? 分享一段英文文字 [打印本页] 作者: MooreYuan 时间: 2012-10-20 19:10 标题: 你如何使用代词? 分享一段英文文字 我看到一段较短的文字中频繁使用代词(6个以上，每句话都用！)，与大家分享(请勿疑文字正确性)。
The meanings of Expressives tend to recur across different languages. Thus we very regularly find expressions for Ekman et al.'s (1972) six basic emotions anger (damn), disgust (yuck), fear (help), joy (wow), sadness (aw) and surprise (well, well) . These[1] are ways for Speakers to give vent to their[2] reactions to elements of the ongoing communicative situation. One could easily imagine them[3] being produced in solitude, as when one hits one's thumb with a hammer. They [4] are close to instinctive cries like sighs, screams, gasps, etc. Here, however, only those[5] utterances will be considered as Expressives that have language-specific form. This[6] is apparent, for example, in expressions of pain, which, although barely voluntary, differ formally from one language to another.
简单提下面几个问题吧
1 These---refers what？
2 their---refers Speakers'(why not refer these? )
3 them---refers these (why the use of them legal grammarical?)
4 They----refers these
5 those---what does it mean? Why not use these or them to replace it?
6 This--- refers what? 作者: MooreYuan 时间: 2012-10-22 09:30
谢谢斑竹手下留情把我这帖发表在此。
作者: MooreYuan 时间: 2012-10-24 08:59
自己一段段贴.....自己顶！
下面我试着汉译一下，让童鞋看明白 代词意义。
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The meanings of Expressives tend to recur across different languages. Thus we very regularly find expressions for Ekman et al.'s (1972) six basic emotions anger (damn), disgust (yuck), fear (help), joy (wow), sadness (aw) and surprise (well, well) . These[1] are ways for Speakers to give vent to their[2] reactions to elements of the ongoing communicative situation. One could easily imagine them[3] being produced in solitude, as when one hits one's thumb with a hammer. They[4] are close to instinctive cries like sighs, screams, gasps, etc. Here, however, only those[5] utterances will be considered as Expressives that have language-specific form. This[6] is apparent, for example, in expressions of pain, which, although barely voluntary, differ formally from one language to another.
情感词意义常用于各不同语种，频繁出现的是Ekman六种基本情感表达：怒恶惧喜悲惊，它们[1]体现出言者对当前交流情景回应的各种发泄方式【2略】。容易想象，这些表情[3]产生于独处场景，如锤子砸到拇指上，接近源于本能的叹气、尖叫和呼叫等叫喊声【4略】。作为情感词，这里仅考察呈语种特有形式的情感话语【5略】。疼痛表达就是一个明显例子，尽管是纯自发的，各语种正式表达上却有差别【6略】。
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谢谢大家的支持！ 作者: MooreYuan 时间: 2012-11-6 16:57
这句的从句插入很巧妙，我忍不住贴：
An important question is now how languages, if they[1] have more than one morphosyntactic template available for the expression of subordinate Clauses, choose between those[2] templates.
主句被打断，插入了if从句。
(1) if从句不受位置限制，为插入提供了可能性。如果if放在句首或句末，能用they[1]么？
(2) if从句提前，创造了一次机会：主句使用those[2]。
这个those貌似与前面我讨论过的那个those不同，比使用these起强调作用(提醒：竟然有数个templates啊?!)。
其实that也有类似的用法。hoho 作者: MooreYuan 时间: 2012-11-6 17:08
本来的距离远近概念(this/that,these/those)被延伸成其他意义。
最有趣的延伸，或许就是对人(或f事物)的喜恶。
this/these---当你喜欢她(们)，认定她(们)有正面特征----好蛋；
that/those---当厌恶欢他(们)，认定他(们)有负面特征----坏蛋。
请看
You'd better get to know this pretty girl.
I met that guy(awful) last night.
yy
